History- 11 Year

Name and Kuniya of Ahl Al-Bayt^-asws:

Our 4th Imam^-asws Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws

Kuniya: Zain-ul-Abideen^-asws

The Nazool of the 4^th Imam was on the 5^th of Shaban and his^-asws shahadat (martyrdom) was on the 25^th of Muharram in the year thirty-eight A.H^[1]. Among others, names of our 4^th Imam include: Sajjad^-asws, and Zain-ul-Abideen^-asws. The Imam^-asws was martyred in the year 95 at the age of 57. The Imam^-asws’s mother was Syeda Shahar Bano^-asws, daughter of Yazdjurd Ibn Shahryar Ibn Shiruwayh Ibn kisra ‘A Perwiz – the famous Persian king.  Imam Zain-ul-Abideen^-asws was the only male (grown-up) survivor in Karbala in 61 A.H. who accompanied the children and ladies of Ahl Al-Bayt^-asws to Sham (Syria) – to the court of Yazid^-la. The Imam^-asws was buried in Al-Baqi cemetery, Medina.

Abu Jafar (Imam Mohammed Baqir^-asws– the 5^th Imam^-asws) says: ‘The girls of Madina were extremely pleased to see the daughter of Yazdjurd when she was brought before ‘Umar (the second Muslim Caliph). When she^-asws entered the Masjid it became all delightful and bright. When ‘Umar looked at her she^-asws covered her face and said in her^-asws own language: “UtI, bay ruj ba’ da Hurmuz (May the life of Hurmuz turn black).” ‘Umar asked: “Is she abusing me?” He turned to her (aggressively). Amir-ul-Momineen Ali^-asws said: “You do not have such a right (over her^-asws). Give her the chance to choose whoever among the Muslims she^-asws likes and then count her to be as his share of the war booty (of the properties seized from the Persian army).” He (Umar) allowed her^-asws to choose and she^-asws came all the way to place her hand on the head of Imam Al-Hussain^-asws. Amir-ul-Momineen Ali^-asws asked her: “What is your name?” She said: “It is Jahan Shah.” Amir-ul-Momineen Ali^-asws said: “In fact, it is Shahar Bano.” Ali^-asws then said to Imam Al-Hussain^-asws: “O Abu Abd Allah^-asws, she^-asws will be blessed with a son^-asws for you^-asws who will be the best of the inhabitants of earth.” She^-asws was blessed with Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws.  Imam AIi^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws was called the son of the two best. The chosen from Arabs was the tribe of Hashim and from non-Arab were the clan (Kisra) best among the Persians.

It is also narrated that Abu Al-Aswad Al-Du’ili compiled the following verse about it:

‘A boy from Kisra and Hashim; the most noble one on whom sacred symbols are stitched for safety.’^[2]

Abu Jafar^-asws (Imam Mohammed Baqir^-asws) says: ‘Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws had a she-camel. He^-asws had taken this camel 22 times to Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah) and had never whipped it, not even once.’ The Imam^-asws has said that: ‘the camel came after the Shahadat of Imam^-asws and we were not aware and we noticed only when one of the servants or slaves came and said: “The she-camel has gone out all the way to the grave of Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws. She rubs her neck against the grave and moans.” I^-asws then asked them to quickly get to her before they (the enemies) might know about her or see her.’ The Imam^-asws has said that the she-camel had never seen the (Holy) grave before.^[3]

Imam Abu Abd Allah^-asws (6^th Imam) said: ‘When it was the night that Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws left (from mortal world) he^-asws said to his^-asws son (Imam Muhammad^-asws):  “Son this is the night in which I^-asws am promised to be taken out of this world.” The departing Imam^-asws made asked his^-asws son^-asws prepare a stable for his^-asws she-camel and she should be fed properly. I^-asws (Imam^-asws’s son says) personally did as he^-asws (my father^-asws) had asked for. Very shortly thereafter the she-camel came out of the stable and reached the grave of my father^-asws, placed her neck on it, rolled her body on the ground and her eyes were hooded with tears.’

The Imam^-asws has said: ‘Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws used to come out in the dark at night with a sack containing Darahim and Dananir (these were units of money) and would go door-to-door, knock on them and gave a certain amount to the person who came out. When Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws passed away, these people did not see the person with money anymore. Only then (did) they realise that Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws must have been the distributor of money among them.’^[4]

Abu Al-Hassan^-asws (7^th Imam^-asws – Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws) says: ‘When Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws was about to leave this world,  he^-asws closed his^-asws eyes, then he^-asws opened his eyes and recited Chapters 48 ‘Al-Fath’ and 56 ‘Al-Waaqia’ from the Holy Quran and said: “All praise belongs to Allah^-azwj Who has Fulfilled His^-azwj promise to us^-asws and made us^-asws to have the Earth as our^-asws legacy and choose from Paradise whatever we^-asws might like. Thus, is the reward for those who work (hard).” At that time his^-asws (soul) ascended to the (Heavens) and (the Imam) did not say anything further.’^[5]

Our Sixth Imam^-asws says: ‘Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Hussain^-asws (Imam Sajjad^-asws) cried over his father, Imam Hussain^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws for forty years – and whenever food was brought to him, he would cry over Imam Hussain^-asws. One day his^-asws servant said to him: “May I sacrifice myself for you^-asws, O son of Rasool Allah^-asws!  I am afraid that you^-asws may die (from grief).” He (the Imam Sajjad^-asws) replied: “I only complain of my distress and grief to Allah, and I know from Allah what you do not know (12:86)^[6].  Verily whenever I^-asws remember the killing of the children of Syeda Fatimah^-asws, I^-asws am choked with tears over them^-asws.”’^[7]

Imam^-asws was poisoned by the governor of Medina by the instructions of the Muslim ruler Walid^-la bin Abdul Malik^-la. The Imam^-asws met martyrdom on the 25th of Muharram 95 A.H. (713 A.D) and was buried in Medina. With the passage of time a modest but beautiful Mausoleum was built to house the Imam^-asws‘s grave in ‘Jannat ul Baqi’, near the Holy grave of Rasool Allah^-saww. Shamefully, in 1926 A.D., a King^-la of Saudi Arabia destroyed the Holy shrine.

Our 5th Imam^-asws Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws:

Kuniya: Abu Jafar^-asws

Our 5^th Imam^-asws, Imam Abu Jafar^-asws’s ‘Nazool’ is in the year 57 A.H on the 1^st of Rajab. The 5^th Imam^-asws was martyred in the year one 114 at the age of 57 on the 7^th of Zilhajj.  The Imam^‑asws was buried in Al-Baqi’ cemetery, Madina, near the Holy grave of his^-asws father, Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws. Imam^-asws’s mother was Umm ‘Abd Allah, daughter of Imam Al-Hassan^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws Ibn Abu Talib^-asws.

Imam Abu Jafar^-asws (Imam Mohammed Baqir^-asws) has said: ‘Once, my mother was sitting next to a wall. The wall began to break apart and we heard an intense crumbling noise. Syeda^-asws pointed out with her^-asws hands saying: “No, for the sake of Al-Mustafa^-saww[8], Allah^-azwj has not Granted you permission to fall.” The wall remained hanging in the air until my^-asws mother^-asws moved away from that place. My father^-asws gave one hundred Dinars as charity in appreciation and as an expression of gratitude for Allah^-azwj’s favour.’

Abu al-Sabbah narrates: ‘Once Abu ‘Abd Allah^-asws (Imam Jafar e Sadiq^-asws) mentioned his grandmother and said: “She^-asws was a truthful person. No lady was ever found in the descendants of Al-Hassan^-asws like her (in excellence).”’^[9]

Abu Jafar^-asws (Imam Mohammed Baqir^-asws) has said: ‘Jabir Ibn ‘Abd Allah AI-Ansari was the last surviving companions of Rasool Allah^-saww. He was a devout (firm) follower of our Ahl Al-Bayt^-asws. He would sit in the Masjid of Rasool Allah^-saww wearing a black turban. He would call, “O Baqir Al-Ilm, O Baqir Al-Ilm (a person of deep knowledge).”

‘The people of Medina would say: “Jabir is hallucinating.” He would say: “No, by Allah^-azwj, I do not hallucinate, but I heard Rasool Allah^-saww say: ‘You will soon meet a man^-asws from me^-saww whose name will be as my^-saww name and his^-asws manners as my^-saww manners. He^-asws will be the revealer of the (Divine) knowledge.’”

‘Jabir would still come and go, and one day in one of the roads of Medina, when passing, he found a few young boys, (and), among them, Imam Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws.  He looked at him^-asws and called him^-asws (Imam Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws) to himself. The boy^-asws came to him and then he said: “Go back.” The boy^-asws went back. Then he said: “I swear by the One in Whose hand is my life, (that I see) manners as the manners of Rasool Allah^-saww. O (little) boy^-asws, what is your name?” He^-asws replied: “My^-asws name is Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws Ibn al-Hussain^-asws.” Jabir came forward and began to kiss his^-asws head and say: “May I be sacrificed for you, Rasool Allah^-saww, your great-great grandfather^-saww, told me to convey his^-saww greetings of peace to you^-asws and would speak of all that (I see in you^-asws).”’

The Imam^-asws has said: ‘Then Imam Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain came to his father^-asws and he^-asws was anxious. He^-asws explained to him^-asws about Jabir. His father^-asws asked: “Did Jabir really do this?” He^-asws replied: “Yes, he did so.” The Imam^-asws said: “My son^-asws, stay at home (and do not expose yourself^-asws to the enemy).” Jabir thereafter would come to him^-asws in the mornings and in the evenings and the people of Madina would say: “It is so strange that Jabir, the only surviving companion of Rasool Allah^-saww, comes to a boy^-asws on both ends of the day every day.” Very shortly, Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws passed away (was martyred).  Imam Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws then normally went to visit Jabir out of respect for his being a companion of Rasool Allah^-saww and spoke to people from Allah^-azwj.’^[10]

Abu Basir once asked from Imam Mohammed Baqir^-asws: ‘Are you the heir of the Rasool Allah^-saww’?’ He^-asws said: ‘Yes, we^-asws (Ahl Al-Bayt) are his^-saww heir.’ He then asked: ‘Was Rasool Allah^-saww the heir of the prophets^-as and did he^-saww know all that they^-as knew?’ The Imam^-asws (the 5^th Imam^-asws) said: ‘Yes, it is true.’ He then asked: ‘Do you^-asws have the power to bring the dead back to life and cure the lepers, and the blind?’

He^-asws said: ‘Yes, we do have such powers by the permission of Allah^-azwj.’  Then he^-asws said to me: ‘Come closer to me, O Abu Mohammed.’ He went closer to the Imam^-asws and he^-asws rubbed his face eyes and he saw the Sun, the Skies, the Earth, the houses and all things in the town.

Then the Imam^-asws asked: ‘Do you like to live this way, you will have what others have and be responsible for whatever they will be held responsible for on the Day of Judgement or would you like to live as before and enter into the Paradise (without accountability)?’ He said: ‘I would like to live as I lived before.’ The 5^th Imam^-asws rubbed his eyes and he found himself as before.’^[11]

Once, Imam Abu Jafar^-asws (Imam Mohammed Baqir^-asws) was taken to Al-Sham (Damascus), to the court of Hisham Ibn ‘Abd al-Malik. When he^-asws arrived at his door he (Hisham) instructed his people from the Amawids^[12]: ‘When I finish humiliating Imam Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws and stop, then each of you, one after the other, should reprimand and insult him^-asws.’ He then ordered for mam Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws to come in his presence. When Imam Abu Ja’far^-asws arrived, he made a gesture with his hand to all of them and offered a general greeting. He then sat down. This increased the disappointment of Hisham because he did not address him^-asws as the Caliph and sat down without his permission.

Hisham then began to reprimand and scold him^-asws. He said to him, among other things, ‘O Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws, why is it that one or the other from you^-asws cause disunity among the Muslims and call people to follow him^-asws thinking that he^-asws is the Imam^-asws? It is nothing but because of his ignorance and foolishness.’ He scolded him^-asws as much as he wanted. When he became quiet others, one after the other, began to annoy and displease the Imam^-asws.

When they all became quiet, he^-asws stood up and asked: ‘O people, what is it that you want and where are you headed? Through us^-asws, Allah^-azwj Granted you guidance to the first one among you and through us^-asws the last among you can receive guidance. You do have a temporary power but to us^-asws belongs the future power and there will be no power after our^-asws power; to us^-asws belongs the final good end as Allah^-azwj has Said, “The final victory is for the pious ones.” (7: 128)’

He (Hisham) ordered him^-asws to be imprisoned. In the prison whoever he^-asws spoke to would sympathize with the 5^th Imam^-asws. The guard came to Hisham and said: ‘O chief, I am afraid for you from the people of al-Sham (Damascus). They may remove you from this position,’ and then gave him the full report.

Hisham then ordered the Imam^-asws to be sent to Madina along with his^-asws Shias and Hisham’s people (his army) escorted the Imam^-asws (to Madina). Hisham ordered his army to not allow the Imam^-asws and his people to go to market places. They were denied food and water. They travelled for three days without food and water until they arrived at Madyan. They (the Imam^-asws and his^-asws Shias) were left behind the locked doors therein. The Shias of the Imam^-asws complained to him^-asws of hunger and thirst. The Imam^-asws then climbed a hill above them and said loudly: ‘O people of Madyan, the town of unjust people. I am ‘Baqiya-tul-Allah’ (the Power that Allah^-azwj has Kept in reserve) as Allah^-azwj has Said: “If you are true believers then you must know that the profit (the reserved power) which Allah has left for you is better for you (than what you may gain through deceitful ways). I am not responsible for your deeds.”’ (11:86)

Among his^-asws people was an old man who went to them (the people of the town) and said: ‘By Allah^-azwj, this is the call of Shu’ayb^-as, the Prophet of Allah^-azwj. If you do not go to this man, you will be killed from the above and below (By Allah^-azwj’s Wrath). Believe me and obey me this time, but you may reject me next time. I am giving you a good piece of advice.’ At that, they came out quickly to Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws and his people (with food and water). The news reached Hisham Ibn ‘Abd al-Malik, who summoned the old man and he was taken to the court, but no one knows what happened to him.^[13]

Imam Mohammed Baqir^-asws spent between three to four years in the life-time of Imam Hussain^-asws, 39 years in the company of his^-asws father Imam Ali^-asws bin Hussain^-asws and 18 or 19 years executing responsibilities of an Imam^-asws prior to being martyred.^[14]

The Umayyad Caliph Hisham Ibn Abdul Malik arrested the Imam^-asws on several occasions with the intention of disturbing and humiliating him^-asws, but could not find any evidence to prosecute the Imam^-asws.  In the end, he sent a poison-impregnated saddle as a gift. They insisted that the Imam^-asws ride on a horse mounted with it. After a short ride, poison spread in the Imam^-asws’s body. After a few days in pain, the Imam^-asws left for the better world on the 7th of Zilhajj 114 Hijri, and was buried alongside the graves of Imam Hassan^-asws and Imam Sajjad^-asws in Baqi cemetery, Medina.^[15]

Our sixth Imam^-asws says: ‘My^-asws father^-asws said to me^-asws: ‘O Ja’far^-asws! Dedicate to me^-asws from my^-asws such and such wealth for the lamenters to cry upon me^-asws (after my departure from this world) for ten years at Mina (a place pilgrims go to during Hajj) in the days of Mina’ (during the days of Hajj).[16]

Our 6^th Imam Jafar^-asws Ibn Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws:

Kuniya:  Abu Abd Allah^-asws

Imam Jafar^-asws Ibn Muhammad^-asws‘s (Abu Abd Allah^-asws’s) ‘Nazool’ is on the 17^th of Rabi’ul Awwal in the year 83 A.H. Our 6^th Imam^-asws was martyred in the month of Shawwal (on the 15^th of Shawwal) in the year 148 at the age of sixty-five. The 6^th Imam^-asws was buried in Al-Baqi’ cemetery, Medina, in the same graveyard, where his father^-asws and grandfather^-asws and Imam Al-Hassan^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws, were buried.

‘Abu’ Abd Allah^-asws (Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq^-asws) has said: ‘My^-asws mother^-asws was a true believer, pious and a person of good deeds. Allah^-azwj Loves the people of good deeds.’ He has also said: ‘My mother^-asws told me that my father used to say: “O ‘Umm Farwah, I pray to Allah^-asws to Forgive the sins of the sinners of our Shia (followers) a thousand times a day because we^-asws exercise patience in the face of hardships knowing well the facts of reward (in the next life) but they exercise patience in that of which they have no knowledge.”’^[17]

It has been narrated that once Al-Mansur ordered his governor of Makkah and Madina, al-Hassan Ibn Al-Zayd, to set fire to the house of Imam Ja’far^-asws Ibn Muhammad^-asws in order to burn him^-asws to death. The house of Abu Abd Allah^-asws was set on fire but it only burned the door and the corridor.

Abu Abd Allah^-asws came out walking in the fire and said, while stepping on (and extinguishing) it (the fire), ‘I am the son of ‘A’raq al-Thara (Isma’il^-as), I am the son of Ibrahim^-as (Abraham), the beloved friend of Allah^-asws.’^[18]

The narrator says that Abu Abd Allah^-asws (the 6^th Imam^-asws) said: ‘We^-asws (Ahl Al-Bayt) have the key to the treasures of the Earth. If I^-asws move one of my feet to say to the earth, “Let out whatever gold that is there in you,” it will do so.’

(The narrator) says that he^-asws then said that to one of his feet and made a line with it on the Earth. The Earth ripped open, then with his hand, the Imam^-asws took out a brick of gold of the size of a hand. He^-asws then said: ‘Watch carefully.’ They then looked again and saw many such pieces of gold one over the other shining. A certain person said: ‘May Allah^-azwj Keep my soul in service for your^-asws cause, you have been granted whatever there is but your Shias are needy (and poor).’

The narrator says that the Imam^-asws then said: ‘Allah^-azwj will soon Grant to our Shias and to us^-asws the bounties of both this and the next life. Allah^-azwj will Admit them in Paradise and its blessings. And our^-asws enemies will be (sent) to the hell.’^[19]

The narrator says: ‘I had a neighbour who worked for the Sultan (the ruler) and he had gained certain properties. He often arranged parties and invited female singers. They would drink wine and this would disturb me. I complained to the man several times but he did not pay any attention. When I insisted he said: “O man, I am an addicted person and you are sober. I wish you take me to your master and I hope Allah^-azwj will Save me through him^-asws.” His words impressed me a great deal. Upon my visiting to Abu ‘Abd Allah (Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq^-asws), I mentioned the condition of that man to him^-asws. The Imam^-asws said: “When you will go back to Kufa he may come to you, say to him: ‘Imam Ja’far^-asws Ibn Muhammad^-asws has asked you, to stay away from what you are involved in. I guarantee that Allah^-azwj will admit you in the Paradise.”  When I returned to Kufa he came to me. I kept him with me until just two of us were there alone. I then said to him: “O man, I told about you to Abu Abd Allah^-asws, Ja’far^-asws Ibn Muhammad^-asws, Al-Sadiq^-asws, and he^-asws said to me: When you will return to Al-Kufa, the man will soon come to you. Say to him, Imam Ja’far^-asws Ibn Muhammad^-asws said to you Stay away from what you are involved in and I^-asws will guarantee that Allah^-azwj will Admit you to the Paradise.’’’

The narrator has said: ‘The man then wept and asked me: “I ask you by Allah^-azwj, did Abu Abd Allah^-asws, really say this to you?” I then swore before him that Abu Abd Allah^-asws did really say so. He said: “This is enough for you,” and he left. After few days he called me while he was behind his house and had no clothes on him and he said to me: “O Abu Basil’, by Allah^-azwj, there is nothing left in my house. I gave all of them away and I am left as you see.” I then went to our people and made a collection to clothe him. Shortly thereafter he sent someone to inform me that he was ill and that I must see him. Thereafter I often went to him to provide treatment until he was about to die. I was sitting near him and he was experiencing the agony of death. He fainted and then regained conscience and said to me: “O Abu Basir, your master^-asws has fulfilled his^-asws promise to me.” He then passed away. May Allah^-azwj Grant him blessings. When I went for Hajj I went to see Abu ‘Abd Allah^-asws and asked permission for a meeting. As I was about to enter in his^-asws presence, one foot in the corridor and one inside, the Imam^-asws, before my saying anything, said from the inside: “O Abu Basir’, we^-asws have fulfilled our promise to your friend.”’^[20]

Imam Musa e Kazim^-asws said: ‘Abu’ Abd Allah^-asws, Imam Ja’far^-asws Ibn Muhammad^-asws, was martyred (by the poison of Mansoor Al-Dawaniq)^[21] at the age of fifty-six in 148 A.H. He^-asws lived after Imam Abu Ja’far^-asws (Mohammed Baqir^-asws), his father^-asws, for thirty-four years.’^[22]

Imam Musa e Kazim^-asws also said:  ‘I^-asws shrouded my father^-asws with two pieces of winter cloth that he had used as clothes for Ihram^[23]. One of his shirts, the ‘Amama (turban) that belonged to Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Al-Hussain^-asws and a cloak that he^-asws had bought for forty Dinars were also used.’^[24]

Our 7^th Imam^-asws Musa Ibn Jafar^-asws Ibn Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws:

Kuniya: Imam Abu Al-Hassan^-asws

Imam Abu Al-Hassan^-asws’s ‘Nazool’ is in the year 128 A.H (on the 7^th of Safar). Our 7^th Imam^-asws was martyred on the 25^th of Rajab in the month of Rajab in the year 183 A.H, at the age of fifty-five in Baghdad in the prison of Al-Sindi Ibn Shahik – in his prison the Imam^-asws was martyred. Our 7^th Imam^-asws was buried in Baghdad in the graveyard of Quraysh.

The narrator has said: When Imam Abu Al-Hassan Musa^-asws was brought before al-Mahdi (an Abbasid ruler) the first time he^-asws was accommodated in Zabala and the narrator  talked to the Imam^-asws. The Imam^-asws found him too depressed and asked: ‘O Abu Khalid, why is it that I^-asws see you depressed?’ He asked: ‘How can I be not depressed when you^-asws are being taken to this transgressor and I do not know what will happen to you^-asws?’

Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws said: ‘I^-asws will be safe now but (come to visit me^-asws) in such and such month and day. Come to meet me at about a mile’s distance.’ The narrator was relieved and started counting the months as the days passed by until that particular day arrived. He then went up to a mile’s distance and spent the day there until it was almost Sunset. Suddenly, Satan caused temptations to his heart and he began doubting in what the Imam^-asws had said.

At this point, he saw figures coming from the direction of Iraq. He went to meet them and Imam Abu Al-Hassan^-asws was in front of them on a mule. He^-asws asked: ‘Is it you O abu Khalid?’ The narrator said: ‘Yes, O great, great, great grandson of the Rasool Allah^-saww.’ The Imam^-asws said: ‘Do not doubt; Satan loves that you have doubts.’ The narrator then said: ‘Thanks to Allah^-azwj Who saved you^-asws from them.’ Imam^-asws said: ‘I will soon been taken by them again from which I^-asws will not be spared (will be martyred).’^[25]

A Story of a Monk and a Nun:

Once, the narrator was in the presence of Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws, when a monk and a nun, from the people of Najran, Yemen, came to see him^-asws. Al-Fadl Ibn Sawwar sought permission for them and the Imam^-asws said: ‘Tomorrow bring them to the well of ‘Umm Khayr.’

The narrator has said: ‘On the next day we went to see him^-asws and we found the people (the monk and the nun) there also. The Imam^-asws ordered to spread a mat that was made of palm tree fibres. He^-asws then sat down on it and they also sat down with the Imam^-asws. The nun began asking questions. She asked many questions. The Imam^-asws answered them all.  Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws asked her certain questions but she could not answer them. She then accepted Islam. The monk then began to ask questions and the Imam^-asws answered whatever he asked. The monk then said: “I was very strong in my religion and no one of the Christians was as knowledgeable as I. I heard from a man from India who told me about the ‘one’ who could go for pilgrimage to the Holy House in one day and one night and then go back to his home.” I asked: “Where did he live?” I was told that he lived in Sibdhan.

The one who informed me about him said that he knew the knowledge which was with Asif (Barkhiya) an assistant of the Prophet Solomon^-as, (with the help of that knowledge) he brought the throne of (Queen) Sheba (from another country) and placed it in front of Prophet Solomon^-as (in a flash). “He^-as (Asif Barkhiya) is the one whom Allah^-azwj has Mentioned in your Book (Holy Quran) and in the books of the followers of the Bible.”

‘Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws then asked (the monk): “How many are the names of Allah^-azwj that if one asks through those, one’s prayers are answered?” The monk said: “They are many but the ones with perfect effects that do not leave the person invoking them without the desired results are seven.” Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws asked him: “Tell of whichever that you know.” The monk said: “I swear by Allah^-azwj, who has sent the Torah to Moses^-as and has made Jesus to be a lesson for the worlds and a trial for the thankfulness of the people of reason. (I swear by Allah^-azwj), Who has Made Muhammad^-saww to be a blessing and mercy and has made Ali^-asws a lesson and the source of understanding, Who has made the executors of his^-saww will from his descendants and the descendants^-asws of Muhammad^-saww that I do not know. Had I known them you^-asws would not have to ask me, I would not have to come to you^-asws and would not have asked you^-asws questions.”

‘The monk then asked him many questions. The Imam^-asws answered them all. He^-asws asked the monk certain questions, which he could not answer but the Imam^-asws himself answered them for him. The monk then said: “Tell me of the eight letters (code words) that were revealed – out of which four letters were shown on earth and the other four remained in space. To whom those four letters that remained in space were sent? Who will interpret them?”

‘The Imam^-asws then said: “He^-asws will be our al-Qa’im^-asws[26]. Allah^-azwj will Send them to him^-asws and he^-asws will interpret them. He^-azwj will Send to him^-asws what has not even been sent to the truthful ones, the messengers and the rightly guided ones^-asws.”

‘Then the monk said: “Tell me about the two of the four that were sent to Earth. What are they?’ The Imam^-asws said, ‘I will tell you about all four. The first one was, No one deserves to be worshipped and obeyed except Allah^-azwj Who is One and has no partners and that He^-azwj is Eternal. The second (testimony) was that Muhammad^-saww is Rasool Allah^-azwj without doubt. The third one (testimony) was regarding (submission to) us^-asws – the Ahl Al-Bayt^{-asws [27]}. 

The fourth one (testimony) was our Shi’a (followers) who are from us^-asws and we^-asws are from Rasool Allah^-saww and Rasool Allah^-saww is from Allah^-azwj through a means.”

‘The monk then said: “I testify that no one deserves to be worshipped and obeyed except Allah^-azwj, that Muhammad^-saww is Rasool Allah^-saww, that whatever he brought from Allah^-azwj is true, that you, Ahl Al-Bayt^-asws are the Chosen ones of Allah^-azwj from His^-azwj creatures and that your Shi’a are pure who are the replacement (of those who oppose you^-asws). They will have the good end. All thanks are due to Allah^-azwj, Lord of the worlds.”

‘Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws called to bring for him a gown, a shirt made in Gha’in Khurasan, a scarf, a pair of shoes and a hat. He^-asws gave them to him, prayed the noontime prayer and asked him to be circumcised (if he hadn’t already). He said it had already been done when he was seven years old.^[28]

The Story of the Dead Cow:

Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws once passed by a woman in Mina who was weeping and her children around her were also weeping because her cow had died. The Imam^-asws went close to her and asked: ‘What has caused you to weep, O slave of Allah^-saww?’ She said: ‘O servant of Allah^-azwj, My children are orphans, our cow which was the only means of our living has died and we are left without any means of living.’

Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws asked: ‘Will you be happy if I^-asws will bring your cow back to life?’ She was just inspired to say: ‘Yes, O servant of Allah^-asws I will be very happy.’

Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws stepped aside and said two Rak’at prayers. He^-asws then raised his hands and gently moved his lips. He^-asws then stood up and called the cow to get up. He pushed the cow with his foot and it stood up straight. When the woman looked at the cow she cried and said: ‘Jesus^-as, the son of Mary^-as, I swear by the Lord^-azwj of the Ka’bah (he^-asws is Jesus).’ (It was famous at that time only Jesus^-as would bring back to life the dead ones so she also thought like that).  Many people gathered around but the Imam^-asws disappeared among them and went (out of their sight).^[29]

The Shahadat of 7th Imam-asws and burial by 8th Imam-asws:

The narrator of the Hadith says that when Harun Ar-Rashid got worried about the noble characteristics of Musa^-asws Ibn Ja’far^-asws and the news he received from the followers of Imam Musa^-asws Ibn Ja’far^-asws regarding his^-asws Divine Leadership, and their secret associations with him^-asws in the daytime and at night, Harun got worried for himself and his rule.

Then he thought of killing the 7^th Imam^-asws with poison. Then Harun asked for some dates and ate some. Then he placed twenty dates on a tray, dipped a piece of thread in poison, and placed the date on a needle. He then thoroughly poisoned one of the dates with that thread until he was sure that the poison has penetrated it.

Harun did this several times and then placed the date among the other dates. He called in his servant and told him: “Take this tray of dates to Musa^-asws Ibn Ja’far^-asws and tell him^-asws: “I have eaten dates, and have left some for you^-asws. Please I beg you^-asws to eat them all since I have handpicked them for you^-asws myself.”’

Harun also told the servant to make sure that no dates were left and that no one else should eat any of the dates. The servant delivered the dates and the message. The Imam^-asws said: ‘Bring me some toothpicks.’ The servant brought him^-asws toothpicks and stood in front of him^-asws while the Imam^-asws ate dates. Harun Ar-Rashid had a female dog which was very dear to him. The dog exerted an effort to free itself from the golden chains and jewels and went to Imam Musa Ibn Ja’far^-asws. The Imam^-asws put the poisoned date on the toothpick and threw it for the dog. The dog ate the date and immediately fell down on the ground and died while its meat was falling off its bones piece by piece.

The Imam^-asws ate the rest of the dates. The servant took the tray back to Ar-Rashid. Harun asked him: ‘Did he^-asws eat all the dates?’ The servant said: ‘O commander of the faithful (Harun)! Yes.’ Harun asked: ‘How did you find him^-asws?’ The servant said: ‘O commander of the faithful! I saw nothing wrong with him^-asws.’

Then the news of the female dog and how it had fallen down with its meat being separated from its bones piece by piece and its death reached Harun. This was hard on him. He went to see the dog. He saw how the dog’s meat had separated from its bones and died. He called in the servant, asked for a sword and a rug. He told the servant: ‘Tell me the truth about the dates or I will kill you.’

The servant said: ‘O commander of the faithful! I delivered the dates to Musa^-asws Ibn Ja’far^-asws and delivered your greetings to him^-asws and stood right in front of him^-asws. He asked me for a toothpick. I brought him^-asws one. He put the toothpick into the dates and ate them one by one. Then the dog came there. He^-asws placed the tooth pick in one of the dates and threw it for the dog. The dog ate it. He^-asws continued eating the rest of the dates. O commander of the faithful! Then what you see happened.’ Harun Ar-Rashid said: ‘We did not gain any benefits from (trying to poison) Musa^-asws. We fed him^-asws the best of our dates, wasted our poison and got our dog killed. There is no solution for Musa Ibn Ja’far.’

Then our Master Musa^-asws called in Mosayyab three days before his^-asws death. Mosayyab was his prison guard. The Imam^-asws said: ‘O Mosayyab!’ He said: ‘Yes, my Master?’ The Imam^-asws said: ‘I will be going to Medina, the town of my grandfather (i.e. Rasool Allah^-saww), in order to instruct my son Ali Al-Reza^-asws according to what my^-asws father^-asws had instructed me^-asws to do, and establish him^-asws as my^-asws Trustee and Successor, and deliver my^-asws orders to him^-asws.’

Mosayyab said: ‘O my Master! How do you order me to open the doors for you while there are also other prison guards with me?’ The Imam^-asws said: ‘O Mosayyab! Your belief in the Honourable the Exalted God^-azwj regarding us^-asws is weak.’ He said: ‘No, my Master^-asws!’ The Imam^-asws said: ‘Then wait.’ He said: ‘O my Master^-asws! Please pray for me to get more firmly established in faith.’

Then the Imam^-asws said: ‘I invoke the Honourable the Exalted God^-azwj by His Great Name – by which Asif had invoked Him^-azwj, and magically brought Bilquees’ (queen of Saba’s) Throne there and placed it in front of Solomon^-as before the wink of an eye – to bring me (Al-Kazim) and my son Ali Al-Reza^-asws together in Medina.’ Mosayyab then heard Imam Al-Kazim^-asws pray and suddenly he^-asws was no longer where he^-asws was standing to pray.

As he was standing there, he saw him^-asws reappear there again, and tied the chains to his^-asws own feet. At that time he fell in prostration to God^-azwj to thank Him^-azwj for this Divine Knowledge, i.e. the recognition of the Divine Leader. Imam Al-Kazim^-asws told: ‘O Mosayyab! Raise your head. Beware that I will depart to the Honourable the Exalted God^-azwj three days from now.’

Mosayyab then cried. The Imam^-asws told him: ‘O Mosayyab! Do not cry. My son Ali^-asws (Al-Reza) is your Divine Leader, and your next Master^-asws! Therefore, adhere to his^-asws Mastery since you will never be at a loss as long as you are with him^-asws.’ He said: ‘Praise be to God^-azwj.’ Then Imam Al-Kazim^-asws called him on the night of the third day and told him: ‘It is time for me to go to the Honourable the Exalted God^-azwj. When I ask you for water and drink it, you will see that my stomach gets bloated and swollen. My colour will turn yellow, red and green. It will turn into different colours. Then inform that oppressor (Harun) about my^-asws death. When you see me that way, do not inform anyone else. Also do not tell the one who will come to me^-asws until after I die.’

Mosayyab was constantly watching Imam Al-Kazim^-asws until he^-asws called him and asked for some water and drank it. Then he^-asws called him and said: ‘O Mosayyab! This wicked As-Sindi Ibn Shahak thinks that after I pass away, he will take charge of performing the ritual ablutions for me himself. No. This will never be the case. When they take me to the cemetery known as the Quraysh cemetery, bury me there. Do not raise my tomb higher than four opened fingers. And do not take any of the dirt from my tomb to be blessed by, since the dirt from the tombs of all of us is forbidden except for that of my grandfather – Al-Hussain^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws which the Sublime God^-azwj has established as a means of healing for our followers and friends.’

Mosayyab then saw someone who looked very much like the Imam^-asws sitting next to him^-asws. He had seen Imam Al-Reza^-asws when he^-asws was young. wanted to ask him^-asws questions but our Master Imam Musa^-asws asked: ‘O Mosayyab! Did I not admonish you before?’ He kept waiting until the Imam^-asws perished, and that person disappeared. Then he informed Harun Ar-Rashid. As-Sindi Ibn Shahak came. saw that they thought they were performing the major ritual ablutions for the dead, but their hands could not reach him. They thought they were placing the embalmment on him^-asws and shrouding him^-asws, but they could not do anything for him^-asws. It was that person^-asws who was placing the embalmment on him^-asws and shrouding him^-asws. They could see him^-asws, but could not tell who he^-asws was. They pretended that he^-asws was just helping them. When that person^-asws got finished he^-asws told Mosayyab: ‘If you had any doubts about me^-asws, be no longer in doubt. I^-asws am your Divine Leader, your Master, and God^-azwj’s Proof for you after my^-asws father^-asws. O Mosayyab! The example of me is like that of the honest Joseph^-as. Their example is like that of Joseph^-as’s brothers who came to him. Joseph^-as knew them but they could not recognise him^-as.’

Then they carried the 7^th Imam^-asws and buried him^-asws in the cemetery of the Quraysh, and did not raise his^-asws tomb more than he^-asws had ordered it to be raised. The tomb was raised later, and a building was constructed over it.^[30]

Our 8^th Imam Ali-Reza^-asws Ibn Musa^-asws:

Kuniya: Abu Al-Hassan^-asws

‘Abu AI-Hassan Al-Reza^-asws’s Nazool was on Thursday, the 11^th of Zeeqad in 148 A.H.  The Imam^-asws was martyred on the 17^th of Safar in the year 203 A.H. at the age of 51.  Imam Ali Reza^-asws was buried in Tus (now called Mashhad).  Al-Mamoon (an ‘Abbasid ruler) gave poison to the Imam^-asws, which was the cause of the Imam^-asws’s Shahadat.

The Imamat of Imam Ali Reza-asws:

(A companion of Imam Ali Reza^-asws says) When Imam Musa-e-Kazim^-asws passed away, Imam Ali Al-Reza^-asws spoke of his^-asws Imamat (Leadership with Divine Authority) and it was worrying to us. It was said to him^-asws: ‘You have declared a very great issue and we are afraid for your^-asws life from this rebel (Harun ar-Rashid – the Abbasid ruler).’ The Imam^-asws said: ‘Allow him (Harun the Abbasid ruler) to try his best but he will not find any way against me^-asws.

The narrator of the Hadith says:

‘l owed money to a man from the family of abu Rafi’ called Tays. He demanded payment and pressed me hard and people assisted him. When I found myself in such condition I prayed the morning prayer in the Masjid of Rasool Allah^-saww and then went to Imam Al-Reza^-asws, who was in a nearby city in those days. When I had almost reached his^-asws door he^-asws appeared on his^-asws donkey wearing a shirt and a gown. When I looked at him^-asws I felt shy, when he^-asws approached me he^-asws looked at me and I offered him^-asws the greeting of peace. It was the month of Ramadan. I said: “May Allah^-azwj Keep my soul in service for your cause, (please) give some money to your slave, (which I owe to) Tays, and he has defamed me.”

‘I thought the Imam^-asws would order him to stop pressuring me and by Allah^-azwj, I did not tell the Imam^-asws how much I owed nor did I mention any amount. Imam Ali Reza^-asws ordered me to sit until he^-asws returned. I remained there until I offered my sunset prayer and I was fasting. I felt depressed and I thought of returning home.

‘At that time, the Imam^-asws appeared before me with people around him^-asws. Beggars had surrounded him^-asws and he^-asws gave them charity. The Imam^-asws passed by and entered his^-asws house. Then the Imam^-asws came out and called me inside. We both sat down and I began to speak to him^-asws about Ibn al-Musayyib, the governor of Madina, as I used to speak to him^-asws about the governor often. When I finished the Imam^-asws said: “I do not think you have ended your fast yet.’ I said, ‘No, I have not ended it yet.” The Imam^-asws asked for food and ordered a boy (servant) to join me at the table. The boy and I had our meal and when we finished the Imam^-asws said to me: “Lift up the furnishing and pick up whatever is underneath.” I lifted it up and found Dinars therein. I picked them up and placed them in my pocket.

‘The Imam^-asws ordered four of his^-asws slaves to escort me to my house. I said: “May Allah^-azwj Keep my soul in service for your^-asws cause, the spies of Ibn al-Musayyib check around all the time and I would not like them to see me with your^-asws slaves.” The Imam^-asws said: “You are right, may Allah^-azwj Keep you rightly guided.” The Imam^-asws ordered them to return whenever I wanted them to do so.

‘When I almost reached my house and felt safe I asked them to go back. I went home and asked for a lamp. I looked at the Dinars and there were forty-eight of them. I owed twenty-eight to the man. Among them one Dinar caught my sight. I picked it up and brought it near the lamp. I found a clear mark on it that said: “Pay to the man twenty-eight Dinars and keep the rest for yourself.” By Allah^-azwj, I did not tell the Imam^-asws how much l owed to the man. All praise belongs to Allah^-azwj Who has Granted honour to those whom He^-azwj has Given Authority.’’^[31]

The narrator of the Hadith says:

‘Once, I requested to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza^-asws (8^th Imam) in a matter that I wanted to learn from him^-asws and the Imam^-asws asked me to wait. One day I was with him^-asws and he^-asws came near the castle of so and so and stopped for rest among a few trees. Just the two of us and not a third was there. I said: “May I be sacrificed for you^-asws, a holiday is upon us, by Allah^-azwj, all I have is one Dirham only and nothing else.” Imam^-asws broke the surface of the earth with his^-asws whip and with his^-asws hand picked up a mould of gold and said: “Use it and keep secret what you just saw.”’^[32]

Imam Ali Reza^-asws was Asked to come to Khurasan:

When the matter of the deposed Caliph (Amin) ended and it (the rule) was established for al-Mamoon, he wrote to Imam Al-Reza^-asws asking to come to Khurasan. Abu Al-Hassan^-asws in reply presented certain reasons to justify his disagreement with the proposal but Al-Mamoon continued writing until the Imam^-asws found it unavoidable because he (al-Mamoon) would not leave him^-asws alone.

The Imam^-asws then decided to leave for Khurasan and at that time Imam Ali Reza^-asws was only seven years old. Al-Mamoon wrote to him^-asws: ‘Do not travel through the mountains and Qum. Take the road through Basra, al-Ahwaz and Persia.’ The Imam^-asws arrived at Marw. Al-Mamoon offered him^-asws to command and lead the task of Khilafat (leadership) but Abu Al-Hassan^-asws declined. He then offered the Imam^-asws to accept the position of a crown prince. The Imam^-asws said that he might accept it under certain conditions, Al-Mamoon said: ‘Say whatever conditions you^-asws like.’

The Imam^-asws wrote: ‘I will assume this position with the conditions that I will not issue any order or prohibitions nor issue any fatwa or judgment nor any appointment or dismissal of officers or change anything in the current system. You must excuse me in all such matters.’ Al-Mamoon agreed to all such conditions.

‘The narrator has said that when it was ‘Id (the holiday) al-Mamoon asked Al-Reza^-asws to attend the programme, lead the prayer and deliver the sermon. Al-Reza^-asws replied to him saying: ‘You know the conditions between us. They did not consist of any such matters.’ Al-Mamoon sent the message: ‘I only want thereby to build confidence in the people by knowing your distinction.’ He continued insisting until the Imam^-asws said: ‘I will appreciate it greatly if you excuse me from such task and if you still insist then I will do this task in the manner that Rasool Allah^-saww and Amir-ul-Momineen Ali^-asws would do.’

‘Al-Mamoon then said: ‘You may do as you choose.’ AI-Mamoon ordered the servants and guides to lead a procession to the door of Abu Al-Hassan^-asws (Imam Reza^-asws), saying “Allahu Akbar,” Allah^-azwj is Great (beyond description).’

People lined up waiting for the Imam^-asws on the roads and roof tops, men, women and children. The guides and people from the army gathered at the door of Abu Al-Hassan^-asws (Ali Reza^-asws). At sunrise the Imam^-asws took a shower and wore a white turban made of cotton. He^-asws let one end of the turban hang over his^-asws chest and the other end between his shoulders on his^-asws back.

Imam^-asws tied his^-asws belt and said to his followers, ‘Do as I have done.’ Imam Reza^-asws picked up an arrow-shaped staff and came out and they went along with him^-asws. He^-asws was barefoot and his^-asws gown was raised halfway between his feet and knees. When he^-asws walked and we walked along with him^-asws, he^-asws raised his^-asws head toward the sky and said, ‘Allahu Akbar’ four times. It seemed to us as if the sky and the walls responded to him^-asws. The guides and the people at the door were ready and armed and decorated with the best dresses. When we came out in such fashion along with Al-Reza^-asws he^-asws paused at the door briefly. Imam Reza^-asws then said: ‘Allahu Akbar. Allahu Akbar. Allahu Akbar. Allahu Akbar. He^-azwj has Granted us guidance. Allahu Akbar. He^-azwj has Granted us the cattle. All praise belongs to Allah^-azwj. He^-azwj has Granted us blessings.’ We all raised our voices.

Yasir Al-Khadim has said that the whole Marw (a name of a Place in Iran) shook with the weeping cries and shouts when they looked at Abu AI-Hassan Al-Reza^-asws. Many of the guides fell from their horses. The horses kicked. The guides threw away their boots when they saw Abu Al-Hassan^-asws barefoot. Imam Reza^-asws would walk about ten steps and pause and say, ‘Allahu Akbar’ three times. Yasir Al-Khadim has said that to us it seemed as if the sky, earth and mountains responded along with him^-asws. The whole Marw had become one voice loud and tearful. It was reported to al-Mamoon. Sahl Ibn al-Fadl, who had two official posts, said to him: ‘O amir al-momineen, if Imam Al-Reza^-asws will reach the place of prayer in this manner people will devotedly be attracted to him^-asws. In my opinion, ask him^-asws to return home.’

AI-Mamoon sent his people to ask Abu AI-Hassan^-asws to return home. Imam Ali Reza^-asws asked to bring his shoes and wore them and rode back home.^[33]

The Imam^-asws is Needless of others wealth:

The narrator narrates in the Hadith:

‘I wanted to deliver an amount of property to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza^-asws. It was a large amount. When the Imam^-asws saw it he^-asws did not show any sign of happiness. I became depressed and said to myself: “I delivered this property to him^-asws but he^-asws did not become happy.” The Imam^-asws called: “O boy, bring water and the pot.”’

The narrator has said that the Imam^-asws then sat on the chair and made a hand gesture to the boy to pour water on his hand. The narrator says that from Imam^-asws’s hand gold began to fall in the pot (where the water from the hands of the Imam was going). The Imam^-asws then turned to me and said: ‘One^-asws who is capable of doing this, he^-asws does not become happy for whatever you have delivered to him^-asws.’^[34]

The Shahadat of Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Musa^-asws:

‘The narrator says in a Hadith:

Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Musa^-asws was martyred (through poisoning, organised by Mamoon Ar-Rashid) at the age of 49 and a few months in 202 A.H. The Imam^-asws lived for 19 years and two or three months after the death of (his^-asws father^-asws) Imam Musa^-asws Ibn Ja’far^-asws.^[35]

Appendix: Notes for Parents

Zahoor and Shahadat of Imam Zain ul Abideen-asws

كشف، [كشف الغمة] وُلِدَ عَلِيٌّ ع بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي الْخَمِيسِ الْخَامِسِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ مِنْ سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ وَ ثَلَاثِينَ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ فِي أَيَّامِ جَدِّهِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَبْلَ وَفَاتِهِ بِسَنَتَيْنِ وَ أُمُّهُ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ اسْمُهَا غَزَالَةُ وَ قِيلَ بَلْ كَانَ اسْمُهَا شَاهْ‏زَنَانَ بِنْتَ يَزْدَجَرْدَ وَ قِيلَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ

It is narrated in Al-Kashaf that the Zahoor of Imam Ali^-asws Ibn Hussain^-asws was on 5^th of Shaban, in the thirty-eight years after immigration in the days of his^-asws grandfather Amir-ul-Momineen Ali^-asws bin Abi Talib^-asws, (and) two years before his^-asws death. His^-asws mother’s name by birth was Ghazala but was changed (by Amir-ul-Momineen^-asws) as Shah Yazdegerd Zanan the daughter of Yazdegerd.^[36]

وَ قَالَ الْكَفْعَمِيُ‏  فِي الْخَامِسِ‏ وَ الْعِشْرِينَ‏ مِنَ الْمُحَرَّمِ كَانَتْ وَفَاةُ السَّجَّادِ ع وَ ذَكَرَ فِي الْجَدْوَلِ‏  أَنَّهُ ع تُوُفِّيَ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ فِي الثَّانِي وَ الْعِشْرِينَ مِنَ‏ الْمُحَرَّمِ لِخَمْسٍ وَ تِسْعِينَ سَمَّهُ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَ كَانَ فِي مُلْكِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ.

As per ‘Al-Kafami’ in ‘Al-misbah’, Imam Zain-ul-Abideen^-asws was martyred on the 25^th of the month of Muharram in 95 Hijra in the second century of after being poisoned by Hisham bin Abdul Malik and was in the reign of Walid bin Abdul Malik.^[37]

Zahoor and Shahadat of Imam Muhammad-asws Ibn Ali-asws

مصبا، المصباحين رَوَى جَابِرٌ الْجُعْفِيُّ قَالَ: وُلِدَ الْبَاقِرُ ع يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ غُرَّةَ رَجَبٍ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ وَ خَمْسِينَ‏^[38].

Al-Jafar al-Jaffi narrates in Misbah, Al-Musbaheen that the Zahoor (Imam) Baqir^-asws (5^th Imam) occurred on the 1^st Rajab in year fifty-seven Hijri,^[39]

كف، المصباح للكفعمي‏ وُلِدَ ع بِالْمَدِينَةِ يَوْمَ الْإِثْنَيْنِ ثَالِثَ صَفَرٍ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَ خَمْسِينَ وَ مَضَى ع يَوْمَ الْإِثْنَيْنِ سَابِعَ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ سَنَةَ سِتَّ عَشْرَةَ وَ مِائَةٍ وَ لَهُ سَبْعٌ وَ خَمْسُونَ سَنَةً سَمَّهُ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِك‏

It is in Al-Misbah al-Kafhami that Imam Mohammed Baqir^-asws was martyred on Monday the 7^th of Zilhajj year 106 Hijri and his fifty-seven year from the poison (given by) Hisham bin Abdul Malik.^[40]

Zahoor and Shahadat of Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq-asws Ibn Muhammad-asws

ضه، روضة الواعظين قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب وُلِدَ الصَّادِقُ ع بِالْمَدِينَةِ- يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ عِنْدَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ وَ يُقَالُ- يَوْمَ الْإِثْنَيْنِ لِثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً بَقِيَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ ثَمَانِينَ وَ قَالُوا سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَ ثَمَانِينَ

It is in Roza tul Waizeen and Al-Manaqib from Ibn Shar Ashob that the Zahoor of (Imam) Al-Sadiq^-asws was in Madina in the morning of Friday when 13 nights remained in the month of Rabi’ul Awwal (30 days in the month, hence on the 17^th) in 83 or 86 AH (after Hijjara – migration to Medina)

Zahoor and Shahadat of Imam Musa-e-Kazim-asws Ibn Jafar-asws

ضه، روضة الواعظين‏ وُلِدَ ع يَوْمَ الْأَحَدِ لِسَبْعٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ صَفَرٍ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ مِائَة

It is narrated in ‘Roza tul Waizeen’ that the Zahoor of Imam Musa e Kazim^-asws took place on Sunday when seven days had passed from Safar (7th of Safar) in year one hundred twenty eight (128 AH).^[41]

ٍ وَ قُبِضَ ع بِبَغْدَادَ فِي حَبْسِ سِنْدِيِّ بْنِ شَاهَكَ لِخَمْسٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ رَجَبٍ وَ قِيلَ أَيْضاً لِخَمْسٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ رَجَبٍ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ ثَمَانِينَ وَ مِائَةٍ وَ لَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَمْسٌ وَ خَمْسُونَ سَنَة

(It is narrated in Bihar that Imam Musa-e-Kazim’s Shahadat) took place in Baghdad when 5 days remained in the month Rajab (25^th of Rajab) during the Cindy Bin Shahk’s imprisonment in 183 AH at the age of fifty-five years^[42]

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ زِيَادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْهَمَدَانِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ حَفْصٍ الْمَرْوَزِيِّ قَالَ: إِنَّ هَارُونَ الرَّشِيدَ قَبَضَ عَلَى مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ وَ مِائَةٍ وَ تُوُفِّيَ فِي حَبْسِهِ بِبَغْدَادَ لِخَمْسِ لَيَالٍ‏ بَقِينَ‏ مِنْ‏ رَجَبٍ‏ سَنَة

Ahmad Ibn Ziyad Ibn Jafar al-Hamadani, may Allah^-azwj be pleased with him – narrated that Ali Ibn Ibrahim Ibn Hashem quoted on the authority of his father, on the authority of Soleiman Ibn Hafs al-Marwazi, that:

Harun Ar-Rashid arrested (Imam) Musa^-asws Ibn Jafar^-asws in the year 179 A.H. (794).  He^-asws was killed (by poison) in prison at Baghdad on the 25^th of month of Rajab in the year 183 A.H. (789) when he^-asws was 54 years old.  He^-asws was buried in the cemetery of the Quraysh.  He^-asws served as a Divine Leader for 35 years and a few months.  His^-asws mother^-asws was called Hamida, she^-asws was also the mother of his^-asws brothers Ishaq and Mohammed – the sons of Jafar^-asws.  Musa^-asws Ibn Jafar^-asws clearly appointed his^-asws son Ali^-asws Ibn Musa Al-Reza^-asws as the Divine Leader after him^-asws.^[43]

Zahoor/Nazool and Shahadat of Imam Ali Reza^-asws Ibn Musa^-asws

كف المصباح للكفعمي ولد ع بالمدينة يوم الخميس- حادي عشر ذي القعدة سنة ثمان و أربعين و مائة

It is narrated in Al-Misbah al-Kafhami that the Zahoor of 8^th Imam (Ali^-asws Ibn Musa^-asws) took place in Madina on Thursday, the 11^th of Zeeqad in 148 A.H.^[44]

كف، المصباح للكفعمي‏ تُوُفِّيَ الرِّضَا ع فِي سَابِعَ عَشَرَ شَهْرِ صَفَرٍ يَوْمَ الثَّلَاثَاءِ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ سَمَّهُ الْمَأْمُونُ فِي عِنَبٍ وَ كَانَ لَهُ إِحْدَى وَ خَمْسُونَ سَنَةً.

It is narrated in Al-Misbah al-Kafhami that (Imam) Al-Reza^-asws had left (was martyred) on the 17^th of Safar, on Tuesday in 203 A.H. through poisoning by grapes and Imam^-asws was 51 years old^[45].

Shahadat of Imam Ali Reza^-asws:

The narrator of the Hadith says: “One night I was in the presence of AI-Mamoon (the Abbasid ruler). He granted me permission to leave at four hours after the beginning of the night. I went home. At midnight, I heard someone knock at the door. My servant answered the door. The man at the door told him, ‘Tell Harthama that his master has summoned him.’ Then I got up immediately, quickly put on my clothes and rushed to the house of my master AI-Reza^-asws.  The servant entered first and then I entered. I saw my master sitting in the yard. When AI-Reza^-asws saw me he^-asws said, ‘O Harthama!’ I said, ‘Yes, my master^-asws!’ AI-Reza^-asws said, ‘Sit down.

‘Then I sat down and AI-Reza^-asws said, ‘O Harthama! Listen carefully to what I tell you. Now it is time for me^-asws to return to Allah^-azwj the Highest and to join my^-asws grandfather^-asws and my^-asws forefathers^-asws. My^-asws life has come to an end. This rebel’ (al-Mamoon) has decided to poison me through (poison) mixed grapes and pomegranates. Al-Mamoon has poisoned a thread, and has put it through the grapes using a needle and has poisoned the pomegranates by having one of his servants rub poison on his hands, and the servant has peeled the pomegranates and pulled out all the seeds, thereby covering them with poison.

Then tomorrow AI-Mamoon will invite me^-asws (to his house), offer me these grapes and pomegranates, and he will ask me^-asws (i.e., force me) to eat them. Then I will (have no option but to) eat them. So it is bound to happen and I^-asws will die. Once I^-asws (Al-Reza^-asws) die, Al-Mamoon will say, ‘I must perform the ceremonial burial ablutions of his^-asws body with my own hands.’

Once AI-Mamoon says that, you should privately tell him that I^-asws (Al-Reza^-asws) told you to tell him (AI-Mamoon) not to perform the ceremonial burial ablutions for me^-asws, shroud me^-asws or bury me^-asws; otherwise the Divine Punishment that is to brought upon him (AI-Mamoon) later will be brought upon him sooner. And that which he is trying to avoid will rush towards him. Then AI-Mamoon will accept this and give it up.’

Then Harthama added, ‘I said, ‘Yes my master^-asws!’ Then Al-Reza^-asws continued, ‘Then AI-Mamoon will appoint you to perform the ceremonial burial ablutions for me^-asws. AI-Mamoon himself will sit at a high point to watch you wash my^-asws body. O Harthama! Do not do anything related to my ceremonial burial ablutions until you see a white tent set up next to the house. Once you see it set up, take me inside wearing the clothes in which I had died. Stay outside and wait along with the others. Do not raise the tent to look in, lest you will be destroyed.

Then AI-Mamoon will come to you and ask, ‘O Harthama! Don’t you say that no one but a Divine Leader can wash a Divine Leader’s body? Then who washed Abul Hassan Ali^-asws Ibn Musa^-asws while his^-asws son Muhammad^-asws was in Medina that is one of the cities in Hijaz, and Al-Reza^-asws is here in Toos?’ Once AI-Mamoon says this, you should answer him as follows, ‘No one needs to perform the ceremonial burial ablutions for a Divine Imam^-asws, except for the Divine Imam^-asws after him^-asws.

However, if someone violates this principle and performs the ceremonial burial ablutions for the Imam^-asws, this act will not void the Imam^-asws‘s Divine Leadership. Neither will it void the Divine Leadership of the Imam^-asws succeeding him^-asws, even if someone forces him^-asws not to perform the ceremonial burial ablutions for his^-asws father^-asws‘s body. If Abul Hassan Ali^-asws Ibn Musa Al-Reza^-asws was in Medina when he^-asws passed away, it is apparent that his^-asws son Muhammad^-asws would have performed the ceremonial ritual ablutions for him^-asws. However, this did not happen, but Muhammad^-asws performed the ceremonial burial ablutions for his^-asws father^-asws in secret.’

Once the sides of the tent are lifted up you will see me^-asws in my^-asws shroud. Then lift up my body, place it in the coffin and carry me^-asws. Once he (al-Mamoon^-la) decides to have my grave dug, he^-la will try to dig it in such a position that the grave of his^-la father Harun Al-Rashid^-la is located in the direction of the Qibla from my grave. This, however, will never happen. No matter how hard they hit the ground with the digger, it will not be dug up, and they will not make any gains. Once they have made enough effort and got tired, tell Al-Mamoon that I^-asws have ordered you to use a digger and hit the ground at the location in the direction of the Qibla from the grave of his father Harun Ar-Rashid just once. Then once you do this the ground will open up, a grave will be dug and a tomb shall be erected. Once Al-Mamoon accepts this and you see the grave appear, do not place me in it immediately.

Wait until some clear water comes up and reaches the level of the ground. Then a fish as large as the grave will appear swimming there. Do not put me in it as long as the fish is moving. Then the fish will disappear and the water will be drained. Then take me to the grave and place me in it. Do not let anyone throw any dirt over my^-asws body. The grave will get filled and covered up by itself.’

Harthama added, “I said, ‘Yes. My master^-asws!’ Then Al-Reza^-asws told me, ‘Remember what I^-asws told you and act accordingly. Do not disobey.’ Then I (Harthama) said, ‘O my master^-asws! I take refuge in Allah^-azwj that I will not disobey your^-asws orders.

Harthama added, “Then I left there crying and sad. Tears were falling down like drops sizzling in a frying pan. No one but Allah^-azwj the Highest knew how I felt Then Al-Mamoon^-la called me in and I went to him. I stood near him until daytime. Then Al-Mamoon^-la said, ‘O Harthama! Go to Abu Hassan Al-Reza^-asws, express my greetings to him^-asws and tell him^-asws, ‘Come to us if it is not difficult for you. Else I will come to see you^-asws.’ If Al-Reza^-asws accepts to come, insist that he^-asws comes sooner.

Harthama added, “Once I went to AI-Reza^-asws, he^-asws asked me, ‘O Harthama! Do you remember what I^-asws have advised you to do?’ I replied, ‘Yes.’ Then AI-Reza^-asws said, ‘Give me^-asws my shoes. I know why AI-Mamoon^-la has sent you here.

Harthama added, “Then I did this. Al-Reza^-asws put them on and walked towards Al-Mamoon. Then when the Imam^-asws entered, Al-Mamoon^-la stood up for him^-asws, embraced him^-asws and kissed him^-asws on the forehead. Al-Mamoon^-la had AI-Reza^-asws seated on his couch next to himself. He started talking to him^-asws for hours until daybreak. Then Al-Mamoon^-la ordered one of his servants to bring pomegranates and grapes.”

Then Harthama added, “Once I heard this I could not control myself. I started to shiver. I turned around and quietly left the meeting, since I did not want Al-Mamoon^-la to see me in that state. I went to a corner of the palace. When the sun was about to go down, I sensed that my master^-asws had left. Imam^-asws had left there and returned home. Then I saw that Al-Mamoon^-la ordered that doctors and nurses be called in.”

Harthama added, ‘I asked, ‘What has happened?’ They told me, ‘Ali^-asws Ibn Musa Al-Reza^-asws has become ill.’ The people were in doubt, but I was certain about what had happened since I knew.’

Harthama added, ‘When the 2/3 of the night came, loud crying could be heard from the house. I heard the crying and rushed in there from amongst the people who were rushing in. I looked and saw Al-Mamoon standing there on his feet with a bare head and open buttons. He was crying. Then I stood among the people and wept with deep sighs until the morning. Then Al-Mamoon held the mourning ceremonies. Then he stood up and walked to the place where our master Al-Reza^-asws was placed and said, ‘Prepare a place for us. I want to perform his^-asws ceremonial burial ablutions in person.’ I stepped forward and told Al-Mamoon what my master Al-Reza^-asws (s) had told me regarding the ceremonial burial ablutions, shrouding and burying of his^-asws body. Then Al-Mamoon told me, ‘O Harthama! I will not object to your performing the ceremonial burial ablutions for him^-asws. Do as you please.’

I was standing and saw that a tent had been set up. I and everyone in the house remained standing behind the tent. We could hear the praises of Allah^-azwj and His^-azwj glorifications being recited along with the sound of water being poured and pans being moved. We could also smell such a good scent that we had never before smelt before.

At once, I heard that AI-Mamoon called me to come up to the balcony of the house and said, ‘You thought that no one would perform the ceremonial burial ablutions for a Divine Imam^-asws, except a Divine Imam^-asws like himself^-asws. Then where is his^-asws son Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws to come and perform the ceremonial burial ablutions for him^-asws? Now he^-asws is in Medina, while this one (Imam^-asws) is here in Toos.’

I (Harthama) replied, ‘o leader of momineen (AI-Mamoon)! That is what we say. It is not obligatory upon anyone to perform the ceremonial burial ablutions for a Divine Imam, but another Divine Imam^-asws – one like him^-asws. However, if someone transgresses and performs the ablutions for the Divine Imam^-asws, that will not void the Divine Leadership of the Imam^-asws. Neither will the transgression of the one who has performed the ablutions for the Divine Imam^-asws void the Divine Leadership of the Imam^-asws that is to succeed, since he^-asws has been oppressed and not allowed to perform the ceremonial burial ablutions for his^-asws father^-asws. If Abul Hassan Ali^-asws Ibn Musa AI-Reza^-asws were in Medina, then it is apparent that his^-asws son Muhammad^-asws would have washed him. However, now it is apparent that even though his^-asws son did not do this in public, he^-asws performed the ceremonial burial ablutions for his^-asws father^-asws in secret.’ Then AI-Mamoon^-la became quiet and said nothing more.

Then the sides of the tent were lifted. When I looked, I saw my master AI-Reza^-asws shrouded. His body was placed where AI-Mamoon and the rest of the people present there prayed over it. Then AI-Reza^-asws was lifted up and taken up to the location of the grave. Then I saw a group of people who were trying to dig up the ground near Harun’s grave in such a way as to position Harun’ s grave to be in the direction of the Qibla (Allah^-azwj’s House in Mecca) from Al-Reza^-asws‘s grave. However, no matter how hard they tried, not even the least bit of dirt was removed from the ground. AI-Mamoon said, ‘O Harthama! Do you see how the dirt refuses to be dug up for his^-asws grave?’

I told AI-Mamoon, ‘o leader of momineen! AI-Reza^-asws has indeed ordered me to hit one stroke of the digger on the ground in the direction of the Qibla from the grave of your father Harun Al-Rashid^-la, and no more.’ Then AI-Mamoon asked me, ‘O Harthama! What will happen if you make just one strike on the ground?’ I said, “Indeed AI-Reza^-asws has informed me that it is not allowed that the grave of for your father – Harun – be positioned in the direction of the Qibla from his (AI-Reza’s) grave. And if! just strike the ground once, a prepared tomb will appear where there is no need to dig up the ground and remove any dirt. A large tomb shall appear in the middle.’

Then Al-Mammon said, ‘Glory be to Allah^-azwj! What does all this mean? How amazing is what Abul Hassan^-asws has said! O Harthama! Strike the ground with the digger so that we see what happens.’ Then I picked up the digger with my hands and hit the ground with it once in the position of the direction of the Qibla from Harun Al-Rashid^-la‘s grave. Then a dug-up and prepared grave with a tomb appeared in the middle. The people were looking at it. Al-Mamoon^-la said, ‘O Harthama! Place Al-Reza^-asws in it.’ Then I said, ‘o leader of the momineen (Al-Mamoon^-la)! Indeed my master^-asws has ordered me not to place him^-asws in the grave until there gushes out of the earth clear water and the grave gets filled up with it up to the level of the earth. Also a fish as large as the grave shall appear and move in the water. Then I am instructed to take Al-Reza^-asws next to the grave and just leave him there when the fish disappears and the water totally drains away.’  Then Al-Mammon said, ‘O Harthama! Do whatever you have been ordered to do.’ Then I waited until the water and the fish appeared.

Then the fish disappeared and the water was drained away while all the people were watching. Then I took the Imam^-asws’s body next to the grave and left it there. At once, I saw that a white tent was set up next to the grave in such a way that we could no longer see the grave. Someone other than those who were present there picked up the body, and placed it in the grave.

Al-Mammon pointed at the people to throw dirt over the body and fill up the grave. I said, ‘O leader of the momineen (Al-Mamoon^-la)!  We will not do that.’ AI-Mammon said, ‘Woe be to you! Then who will fill up the grave?’ I said, ‘Indeed AI-Reza^-asws has ordered me not to throw any dirt over his^-asws body. AI-Reza^-asws has informed me that the grave will be filled up by itself. Then it will be raised up and a four-sided tomb will be formed.’ Then AI-Mammon ordered the people not to throw any dirt over him^-asws. The people dropped the dirt (from their hands) that they had picked up. The grave was filled up, raised and turned into a four-sided tomb. Then AI-Mammon returned. He called me in and asked me in private, ‘O Harthama! I ask you to swear to Allah^-azwj and tell me the truth about whatever you heard from Abul Hassan AI-Reza^-asws – may Allah Bless his^-asws spirit.’

At that, I told the leader of the momineen (Al-Mamoon^-la) whatever Imam Al-Reza^-asws had told me. Then Al-Mamoon^-la asked me, ‘I swear to you by Allah^-azwj to tell me if AI-Reza^-asws informed you of anything else.’ Then I said, ‘O leader of the momineen! I will answer any questions that you ask.’ Al-Mammon asked, ‘O Harthama! Did AI-Reza^-asws tell you anything else in private?’ I replied, ‘Yes, he^-asws did.’ Al-Mammon asked, ‘What was it?’

I replied, ‘AI-Reza^-asws informed me about the grapes and the pomegranates.’ Then Al-Mamoon^-la colours changed. He^-la turned yellow, red, and black. Finally, he^-la yawned and fainted. While AI-Mammon was unconscious I heard him say, ‘Woe be to AI-Mammon from Allah^-azwj! Woe be to him^-la from Allah^-azwj‘s Prophet^-saww! Woe be to him^-la from Ali^-asws Ibn Abi Talib^-asws. Woe be to Al-Mamoon^-la from (the Blessed Lady) Syeda Fatima-al-Zahra^-asws! Woe be to Al-Mamoon^-la from AI-Hassan^-asws and AI-Hussain^-asws! Woe be to Al-Mamoon^-la from Ali^-asws Ibn AI-Hussain^-asws! Woe be to Al-Mamoon^-la from Muhammad^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws! Woe be to Al-Mamoon^-la from Ja’far^-asws Ibn Muhammad^-asws! Woe be to Al-Mamoon^-la from Musa^-asws Ibn Ja’far^-asws! Woe be to Al-Mamoon^-la from Ali^-asws Ibn Musa AI-Reza^-asws! By Allah^-azwj, this is the clear loss.’ AI-Mammon kept repeating these same words. When I saw that this change of state lasted for a long time, I got up and left. I sat in a corner of the palace. Al-Mamoon^-la became conscious again and called me in. I went in and saw him sitting like a drunk person. Al-Mamoon^-la said, ‘By Allah, you are not in the least dearer to me than AI-Reza^-asws was. Not even all the residents of the heavens and the earth are dearer to me than him^-asws. I swear by Allah^-azwj that if I hear that you have told anyone else what you have heard from him, I will kill you (too).’

I (Harthama) said, ‘O leader of the Faithful! Shedding my blood will be allowed for you, if you realise that I have expressed anything about this to anyone.’ Al-Mamoon^-la said, ‘By Allah^-azwj, I^-la will not accept this unless you swear and make a Covenant to keep this a secret.’ AI-Mammon made me make a promise and a covenant, and made me swear to them. Once I left, he hit himself on the head with both hands and recited the following verse of the Holy Quran, ‘They may hide (their crimes) from men, but they cannot hide (them) from Allah, seeing that He is in their midst when they plot by night, in words that He cannot approve: And Allah Does encompass all that they do. (4:108)

And AI-Reza^-asws had a son named Muhammad^-asws the Imam^-asws. AI-Reza^-asws had said the following about him^-asws (his^-asws son^-asws), ‘He^-asws is the most honest, patient, noble, the (Al-Noor) Light of the believers’ eyes and the cause of rage for the unbelievers.^[46]

^[1] After Hijri (Migration from Mecca), the Islamic Year

^[2] Al-Kafi, Vol. 1, Chapter Ali^asws ibn Hussain^asws, h 1

^[3] Ibid, h 2.

^[4] Ibid, h 4.

^[5] Ibid, h 5.

^[6]This Verse is the answer from Prophet Yaqub (in the Holy Quran) to his sons when they said:  ‘By Allah! You will not cease remembering Yusuf till you are on the verge of death, or until you die (12:85)

^[7] كامل الزيارات، النص، ص: 107, chapter 35, H. 1.

^[8] Prophet Mohammed^asws name

^[9] Al-Kafi, Vol. 1, Chapter on Imam Abu Jafar^asws, h 1.

^[10] Al-Kafi, Vol. 1, Chapter on Imam Abu Jafar^asws, h 2.

^[11] Ibid, h 3.

^[12] The children of Bani Umayyad (the descendants of Umayyad) who were the enemies of the children of the Rasool Allah^saww.

^[13] Ibid, h 5.

^[14] Bihar ul Anwar, vol. 4, pg. 9

^[15] Ibid, h 6.

^[16] الكافي (ط – الإسلامية)، ج‏5، ص: 117, Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Subsistence Ch 35 H 1

^[17] Al-Kafi, Vol. 1, Chapter on Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq^asws, h. 1.

^[18] Ibid, h. 2.

^[19] Ibid, h 4.

^[20] Ibid, h 5.

^[21] Bihar ul Anwar, vol. 8, pp6

^[22] Ibid, h 7.

^[23] Two large white sheets worn during Hajj

^[24] Ibid, h 8.

^[25] Ibid, Chapter on Imam Musa e Kazim, h, 3.

^[26] The 12^th Imam with Divine Authority to fill the Earth with peace and justice as it will be full of corruption and vice

^[27] The infallible members of the family of Mohammed^saww.

^[28] Ibid, h, 5.

^[29] Ibid, h, 6.

^[30] Uyun Akhbar Al-Reza, vol. 1, Chater 8, H. 6.

^[31] Al-Kafi, Vol. 1, Chapters on History, H. 4.

^[32] Al-Kafi, Vol. 1, Chapters on History, H. 6.

^[33] Al-Kafi, Vol. 1, Chapters on History, H. 7.

^[34] Al-Kafi, Vol. 1, Chapters on History, H. 10.

^[35] Al-Kafi, Vol. 1, Chapters on History, H. 11.

^[36] بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)  ج‏46    7    باب 1 أسمائه و عللها و نقش خاتمه و تاريخ ولادته و أحوال أمه و بعض مناقبه و جمل أحواله ع …..  ص : 2

^[37]  بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت) ؛ ج‏46 ؛ ص152 ,

^[38] ( 1) مصباح المتهجد للشيخ الطوسيّ في أعمال رجب ص 557.

^[39] , H. 2, بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)، ج‏46، ص: 213

^[40]   H19  , بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)، ج‏46، ص: 217

^[41]     , H. 14, بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)، ج‏48، ص: 9

^[42] بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)       ج‏48       1       باب 1 ولادته ع و تاريخه و جمل أحواله …..  ص : 1

^[43]  , H. 7,  عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام، ج‏1، ص: 104

^[44] بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)       ج‏49       9       باب 1 ولادته و ألقابه و كناه و نقش خاتمه و أحوال أمه صلوات الله عليه …..  ص : 2

^[45]  H. 4, بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)، ج‏49، ص: 293

^[46] Uyun Akhbar Al-Reza, Vol. 2, Chapter 64, H. 1

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